Ukuqhathaniswa Okuningiliziwe Kwezindinganiso Zokuqeda Ubuso Belensi Ebonakalayo
Ngokuphathelene nokuhlolwa kokuphela kobuso belensi, ngikholwa ukuthi usubonile izindinganiso eziningi. Ezijwayelekile kakhulu yilezi Izinga Lezempi lase-US (i-MIL-Spec), I-ISO, futhi Izinga Likazwelonke LaseShayina (GB). Ngenxa yalokho, imidwebo eminingi imakwe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwayo? Ungaguqula kanjani ibe ngeyodwa? Kulesi sihloko, sizoqhathanisa amazinga okuqeda ubuso belensi ye-optical ngokuningiliziwe.
1. Ukuqonda Ukuphela Komphezulu: Ukuklwebha Nokumba
I-Finish isetshenziselwa ukukala izici zobuso bomkhiqizo we-optical, futhi iyinkomba ebalulekile yokuhlola ikhwalithi yeziphambeko zobuso njengokuklwebheka nokumba. Ithinta ngqo ukusebenza kwelensi, njengokuthi ukukhanya ukudluliselwa, ikhwalithi yesithombe, futhi umkhawulo womonakalo we-laser. Iningi lalezi ziphambeko zobuso ziwukungapheleli kobuso kuphela. Zingabangela ukucwila okuncane ekudlulisweni kokukhanya kohlelo kanye nokuhlakazeka okuncane kokukhanya okuhlakazekile. Ngokuvamile, azinawo umthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kohlelo lonke lokukhanya.
Amanye amalensi anezidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu ebusweni azwela kakhulu emiphumeleni yalezi ziphazamiso. Isibonelo, izindawo ezibushelelezi kakhulu, lapho lezi ziphazamiso zingabangela imiphumela yokugxila, kanye nezindawo ezinezidingo zomkhawulo womonakalo we-laser onamandla aphezulu, lapho lezi ziphazamiso zingandisa ukumuncwa kwamandla futhi zibhubhise umkhiqizo we-optical.
Ukuphela kobuso kuvame ukuvezwa ngokuthi ukuklwebheka noma wena, isib. 60-40 noma 40/20. Inombolo yokuqala imele ibanga lokuklwebha, kanti inombolo yesibili imele ibanga lokumba. Inombolo encane ikhombisa amaphutha ambalwa avumelekile kanye nebanga lokuqeda eliphezulu.
Ukuklwebha: Ngokuvamile kubhekisela kumaphutha ongaphezulu anesilinganiso sobuso esikhulu kuno-4:1. Ku-US Military Standard evamile I-MIL-O-13830, izinga lokuklwebheka (njengo-20, 40, 60, 80) liyinombolo engenakulinganiswa etholakala ngokuqhathanisa ukuklwebheka ebusweni nesampula ejwayelekile ngaphansi kwezimo zokukhanya ezilawulwayo. Uma inombolo iphakeme, kulapho ukuklwebheka kubonakala khona.
Isikhumbuzo: Le nombolo hhayi ukuklwebheka kwangempela. Akuhambelani ngqo nobubanzi noma ukujula kobukhulu bokuklwebheka. Kunalokho, kuyi- ibanga lokuqhathanisa ngokusekelwe ekuchazweni kwe-MIL uma kulinganiswa ngokuklwebheka okujwayelekile.
Wena: Ngokuvamile kubhekisela emigodini noma kumabala anesilinganiso esingaphansi kuka-4:1. Ibanga lokumba linencazelo yalo ecacile yomzimba: inombolo yokumba ihambelana ngqo nengxenye eyodwa kweziyikhulu zamamilimitha ububanzi bayo. Isibonelo, i- #40 wena kubonisa ububanzi be 0.40 mm, kanye #20 kubonisa ububanzi be 0.20 mm.
Ngokungafani nemihuzuko, ukubizwa kokumba kuhlobene ngqo namabala noma imigodi emincane ebusweni. Ngokuvamile, incazelo yokuklwebheka/yokumba phakathi 80 kanye no-50 kubhekwa ikhwalithi ejwayelekile, phakathi 60 kanye no-40 kubhekwa ikhwalithi yokunemba, naphakathi 20 kanye ne-10 kubhekwa ikhwalithi enembile kakhulu.
2. Izinhlelo Ezijwayelekile Eziyinhloko kanye Nokuqhathanisa Amabanga
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, okwamanje kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo ezijwayelekile zokuqeda ubuso embonini, futhi okulandelayo yizona ezintathu ezivame kakhulu kanye nokuqhathaniswa kwazo okulinganiselwe:
| Uhlelo Olujwayelekile | Izibonelo | Izici Eziyinhloko |
| I-MIL-PRF-13830B | 60-40 | Inomlando omude futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi. Ihlolwa ngokuqhathanisa amasampula. Imithetho iyinkimbinkimbi, uma kucatshangelwa ubude obuphelele bokuklwebheka, ububanzi obuphelele bezindawo zokumba, nezinye izici. |
| I-ISO 10110-7 | 5/3X0.04 | Kungokwesayensi futhi kunembile kakhulu. U-5/ uphawu lwesici, u-3 inani lamaphutha avumelekile, kanti u-0.04 izinga lesici (libhekisela empandeni yesikwele yendawo yesici ngamamilimitha). Ukuhlukaniswa kwebanga kuvunyelwe uma nje indawo yonke yesici ingashintshi. |
| GB/T 1185-2006 | - | Ngokuyisisekelo ihambisana ne-ISO 10110-7 ejwayelekile yamazwe ngamazwe, futhi indlela kanye nencazelo kuyafana. |
Ngokuphathelene ne-ISO 10110-7, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukubonakaliswa okugcwele kwefomu elijwayelekile lokubekezelelana kokungalungi kobuso yilokhu: 5/ mxa; C nxb; L pxc; Ed.
Phakathi kwazo, u-C, u-L, no-E yizinto ongazikhethela zona. Okusho ukuthi, u-C, u-L, no-E akudingeki ukuthi bonke babhalwe kumdwebo wokumaka u-5/. Amapharamitha m, u-n, no-p ayinani lokungajwayelekile. Amapharamitha u-a, u-b, no-c ayizilinganiso ku-mm. Amanani okungajwayelekile ngokuvamile ayizinombolo eziphakathi kuka-1 no-5 ukuze kulinganiswe ubulukhuni.
Ake sithathe isibonelo esilandelayo ukuze sibonise: "5/5x0.16; C 3x0.16; L 4x0.25; E 0.4". Kulesi sibonelo:
"5x0.16": Kusho ukuthi zonke izindawo ezingacacile (njengemigodi noma imihuzuko) azikwazi ukudlula u-5 ngayinye enempande yesikwele engu-0.16 endaweni.
"C 3x0.16": Kubonisa ukuthi indawo enephutha yengubo ayikwazi ukudlula izifunda ezi-3, ngasinye sinendawo engu-0.16.
"L 4x0.25": Lokhu kusho ukuthi ububanzi obuphelele bokuklwebheka okude abukwazi ukudlula u-0.25mm ophindwe kane.
"E 0.4"kubonisa ukuthi isici esisemaphethelweni engxenye asikwazi ukunwebeka ngaphakathi ngaphezu kuka-0.4 mm.
Eqinisweni, azikho izindlela eziqinile zokuguqula izibalo phakathi kwezinhlelo ezijwayelekile ezahlukene, kodwa kukhona ubudlelwano obulinganayo obucishe bufane, futhi ithebula elilandelayo linikeza inkomba eyinhloko yokuqhathanisa:
| Amabanga Okuqeda Okungaphezulu | INKULUNGWANE | I-ISO / GB/T |
| Izinga Eliphezulu | 20-10 | 0.063 |
| 40-20 | 0.1; 0.16 | |
| Izinga Eliphakathi | 60-40 | 0.25 |
| Izinga Eliphansi | 80-50 | 0.4; 0.63 |
Ezisetshenzisweni ezisebenzayo, amazinga aphezulu njengo-20-10 noma ngisho no-10-5 avame ukucaciswa emikhakheni enezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu, njengezingxenye ze-laser optical. Kumalensi avamile ezimboni, u-60-40 uyibanga elijwayelekile.
3. Indlela yokuhlola yokuqeda ubuso
Ukuze kuhlolwe ngokunembile ukuqeda kobuso, kumele kulandelwe izimo zokuhlola eziqinile, futhi kuphela uma izimo zokuhlola zihlanganisiwe lapho kungaba khona ukuqhathaniswa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inkampani ngayinye inezindlela zokuhlola ezahlukene futhi ithi izizathu zayo. Akunakwenzeka ukuxhumana.
Lezi zimo zokuhlola zivame ukufaka:
Indawo: Isikrini esimnyama njengesizinda.
Umthombo wokukhanya: Sebenzisa isibani esivamile se-incandescent esine-voltage engu-36V, 60W-100W, noma isibani se-fluorescent esingu-40W njengoba kuchaziwe kwezinye izindinganiso.
Indlela yokubuka: Bheka ngamehlo enyama noma ingilazi yokukhulisa kane kuya kweyishumi ngaphansi kokukhanya okudlulisiwe (umthombo wokukhanya ngemuva kwengxenye) noma ukukhanya okubonisiwe (umthombo wokukhanya phambi kwengxenye).
Indlela: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, izingxenye zidinga ukujikeleziswa ukuze kutholakale futhi kwahlulelwe amaphutha ngezindlela ezahlukene. Okokugcina, qhathanisa isimo esibonwe nesampula ejwayelekile ehambisanayo noma imithetho ebhaliwe ukuze kutholakale ukuthi iyafaneleka yini.
Sithemba ukuthi ulwazi olungenhla luzokusiza ukuthi uqonde ngokugcwele amazinga okuqeda ubuso bamalensi okukhanya.